Tabla

Electronic ConfigurationXe 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p1

Melting Point303.6°C

Boiling Point1457°C

Density11.85g cm⁻³

Description

Pure, unreacted Thallium appears silvery-white and exhibits a metallic lustre. Upon reacting with air, it begins to turn bluish-grey and looks like Lead. It is very malleable, and can be cut with a knife. There are two stable isotopes, and four radioisotopes, ²⁰⁴Tl being the most stable with a half-life of 3.78 years. Thallium sulphate was used as a rodenticide. Thallium sulphine's conductivity changes with exposure to infrared light, this gives it a use in infrared detectors. Discovered by Sir William Crookes via spectroscopy. Its name comes from the Greek word thallos, which means green twig. Thallium and its compounds are toxic and can cause cancer.

Covalent Radius144pm

Double142pm

Triple150pm

Ionisation Energies

Oxidation States0, +1, +3

Uses

Its compounds are used in rat and ant poisons. Also for detecting infrared radiation.

Electron Affinity36.375kJ mol⁻¹

Electronegativity1.8PAULING

Atomic Volume17.2cm³ mol⁻¹

Atomic Radius171pm

Metallic Radius144pm

Van Der Waals Radius196pm

Sources

Found in Iron pyrites. Also in crookesite, hutchinsonite and lorandite. Most is recovered from the byproducts of Lead and Zinc refining.

Discovery

Discovered in 1861 by Sir William Crookes in England

Name Origin

Greek: thallos (green twig), for a bright green line in its spectrum.

CAS7440-28-0

Crust Abundance0.85mg kg⁻¹

Sea Abundance1.90x10⁻⁵mg dm⁻³

Enthalpy of Vapourisation 162.4kJ mol⁻¹

Enthalpy of Fusion4.31kJ mol⁻¹

Enthalpy of Formation182.2kJ mol⁻¹

Specific Heat - 20°C0.128J (g ⋅ K)⁻¹

Thermal Conductivity46.1W (m ⋅ K)⁻¹

Isotope	Abundance	Half Life
203Tl	29.44%	-
205Tl	70.41%	-
204Tl	-	-

https://reuben.science

https://github.com/reubn/tabla

Using data from mendeleev.

MIT License Copyright (c) 2020 reubn Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. pb2bb3a9eb2b62a1fdf94